for friends of the acer aspire one
September 2, 2008
About the Storage Expansion
Acer has created a pretty nifty mechanism with the Storage Expansion, which fuses an SD card with the internal SSD. It's also possible to simply upgrade the SD to a higher capacity one without losing any data. The magic behind most of this is aufs.

There are two real, physical if you will, directories involved and one virtual directory. The first physical directory is the home directory on the SSD, /home/user. The second physical directory is the SD, /media/disk. aufs unifies both directories (branches) into a virtual directory, /mnt/home. Imagine the virtual directory like an additional layer on top of both branches. If one branch dissapears then it still works, the files are just not available in the virtual directory anymore.

The beauty of it is that each branch can still be written to individually, with all files automatically showing up in the virtual directory. The interesting part begins when files are directly written to the virtual directory. aufs will then distribute the files among all branches based on the selected policy. There are three major policies available: tdp writes to the highest branch first if available. rr distributes all files evenly among all branches using a round-robin mechanism. mfs writes to the branch with most free space first.

The policy used on the AA1 is mfs. As a consequence the SD will only ever be written to if the SSD has less free space available, which will be the case with 8GB and 16GB cards most of the time. Still it'd probably be a better idea to at least use rr, to distribute it evenly. The best solution is to prioritize the SD, especially if you have a fast SDHC card like the SanDisk III.

Using the tdp policy and the SD as the highest branch will always write to the SD card first until it runs out of space. That's probably a good idea, considering that it only concerns the virtual home directory. The SSD will be busy enough with all the other file operations on the system, so why not lift some work of it. The virtual home directory is used by default by the file manager and as the download directory by Firefox, probably by a few other applications as well.

It is fairly easy to do, in fact the line below automates the whole process.

sudo sed -e'63s/mfs/tdp/;99s/append/prepend/' -i.1 /etc/aufs.act

It becomes effective after a reboot.

To check if and how aufs distributes the files among both branches use df -h on the terminal, which will show the available and used space for each mount point.
34



Anonymous
This looks like a reasonably good place to ask this dumb question (hopefully I'm right!). I installed an SD memory card in the storage expansion slot on the left side of the machine. I expected it to do the normal SD click when I popped it in. It just kept sliding and sliding until it bottomed out. Everything's working properly (i.e., Linpus recognized it and expanded my memory), except that now I can't seem to physically remove the thing! Nothing happens when I push on it (trying to induce a pop-out click), and I'm leery of getting the tweezers out and trying to yank it.

For anyone who's tried expanding the memory, was your insertion experience similar? And if so, how'd you remove it? I'm just wondering whether the mechanics that handle the card aren't quite right on my device.
Sep 3, 2008 11:22:00 PM



heh yes the one on the left is intended to be additional expansion so it's recessed so as not to pop out accidentally.
you should be able to press it further in and have it click then pop back out.
Sep 4, 2008 8:56:00 AM



OneHead
I found the same ... Ivor's right, it is a bit different to the usual slots, but I also had the problem that I was using a microSD (TransFlash) in an SD adapter. I eventually got it out, but the write lock also seems to be the source of some obstruction.
Sep 4, 2008 4:05:00 PM



Anonymous
I have the slow SSD. It is mostly slow when compared on writes, not so bad with reads. So wouldn't it be a good strategy to fill the SSD with files that are only read. It would seem the easy way to do this is to not add any extra expansion until the SSD has filled up with applications. Then add a fast SD card. If you want to add the card right away then wouldn't TDP be the best policy.
Sep 7, 2008 4:31:00 PM



Anonymous
Oops, sorry please ignore that last comment. I didn't understand that the expansion is only used for user files.
Sep 7, 2008 4:58:00 PM



What do you think of changing the homedir of the user to /mnt/home ?
Sep 15, 2008 8:00:00 PM



Anonymous
Question - I use my AA1 to download photos from a digital camera when I'm on the road. I have an 8GB chip in the memory expansion slot, which I leave there permanently. I put the SDHC chip from the camera in the removable slot, download the pictures, clear the camera chip, and move on. Here's the problem: when I get home, I want to transfer the files from the AA1 to my home computer. The card reader on my home computer won't read the chip that's in the expansion slot. Worse, when I copy the files back onto the same chip I used to capture the images in the first place, neither the camera nor my computer recognize them. Any idea how to get files OFF the AA1 and ON to another computer?
Sep 29, 2008 2:46:00 AM



How can I disable the aufs stuff? I looked in /etc/init.d and /etc/fstab to try to stop aufs firing up, but can't see what's starting it.

I want to use an sdcard to move my Eclipse projects between my Mac and my Aspire One, and I want to leave the sdcard in the Acer most of the time, but the right hand sdcard drive is (stupidly) not flush with the side of the case, and catches while I'm transporting the thing -- so I want to use the left drive as a normal drive.
Oct 2, 2008 9:54:00 PM



That's fairly easy to do actually, because of the way how aufs works. It will only distribute files among both branches if the parent directory exists on both, which is the case for the five default directories in the home directory.

If you manually create a directory on the SD then all files will only be copied into that directory and not distributed among both branches, even though it's also visible in the home directory of the file browser.

Oct 2, 2008 10:17:00 PM



James
If I remove the SDHC card from left slot (to do a system backup onto 4Gb keydrive), will it get deleted when I reinsert/reboot - or will aufs recognise this is a previous merged card and just pick contents back up again as they are ??
Oct 9, 2008 8:58:00 PM



It will be just like before, aufs shows whatever is currently on the card.

Oct 12, 2008 10:25:00 PM



Can you indicate howto implement this feature in Ubuntu? I've installed Ubuntu 8.04 in my AA0110, and find this very useful, but haven't been able to find any good tutorial.

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/CatalanTeam/Tutorials/AspireOne
Oct 20, 2008 6:34:00 PM



It's not trivial and Acer has actually coded custom applications for some extra functions, like the dynamic detection of new cards and the ability to upgrade to larger cards without losing data. The best start is the aufs website, which will get the basic functionality without the custom stuff used on the AA1.

Oct 22, 2008 9:08:00 AM



Mike
You said "...and the ability to upgrade to larger cards without losing data."
How does this work if the SD to be replaced contains more data than the tmp-space of the SSD can hold? Maybe "floppy disk mode" via memory?
Oct 24, 2008 9:09:00 AM



Actually, I don't like the way Linpus handles the expanded drive because it's not really treated as being merged with the boot drive. This becomes obvious when you install files that may end up on the SD card but Thunbar can't find them because although the layers are merged, it only looks for or sees files in the boot drive location. Software installation can also be a problem if the package is downloaded to the SD drive. But worst of all is that when the boot drive gets full, Linpus slows to a crawl because it will only cache to it and not to the SD card. You may think you have loads of space available when in fact, you don't.
Nov 20, 2008 2:48:00 PM



Thanks for a great site. I have a strange problem (which also is rather difficult to explain) with the storage expansion.

I have a 16GB SD card in the left and used your guide above to make it always write there.

It expands the storage fine and makes the extra drawers. But when I try to write (dragging from the right side of filemanger to the let) to the combined top drawers (documents, pictures) notheing happends. It is if the combines new drawers are write protected. And in the left side the drawer "files" is missing even if it is at both the sd card and the ssd.

I think it is some kind a permission problem (I used the SD card under Ubuntu and it has'nt been the same since) but the perrmissions looks fine in filemanger. Do know what the correct rights should be and what command to use?

Thank you in advance.
Dec 9, 2008 5:51:00 AM



Brett
You are SUCH a guru! I have installed a lot of your suggestions, and yours is the only instructions that got VirtualBox working. The problem is that I cannot get Virtualbox or OpenOffice to load to the 16gb in the expansion slot instead of the SSD-the only files on the SD are Download, Videos, etc. So how do I get these applications to not load on the SSD? Does it have anything to do with the format of the card? I hadn't realized the problem until VB said that the drive was full, and when I looked, the SSD was full, but there was 10gb available on SD card in the left side expansion slot. I am such a newbie...
Dec 31, 2008 11:08:00 AM



Anonymous
How do I reverse back to default again? Thank you.
Jan 3, 2009 1:26:00 PM



To revert back to default use sudo mv /etc/aufs.act.1 /etc/aufs.act from a terminal.

Jan 5, 2009 9:54:00 AM



First of all, thank you for providing the details! Your post helped me a lot. My discussion about this issue can be read at Aspire One User forums http://www.aspireoneuser.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=7780

"It will only distribute files among both branches if the parent directory exists on both, which is the case for the five default directories in the home directory."

I did some experimenting, and I don't think this is correct. If a directory exists only on /user/home and you write to the union when /media/home is the preferred location (has more space), aufs will actually create the same directory structure on /media/home and write the files there. More on this issue can be read from the discussion thread I linked above.
Jan 5, 2009 11:11:00 AM



Anonymous
Macles, thank you for that reverting part. And also thank you so much for all the great info and articles here at your blog. It's very much appreciated.
Jan 5, 2009 3:36:00 PM



You are right, but it doesn't work the other way around, when the file only exists in the already preferred source or higher branch. That can probably be adjusted with one of the other fairly complex options mentioned here which i haven't looked into further.

Jan 5, 2009 4:30:00 PM



Anonymous
Would I then be able to run programs off the expansion card? Or should I say can it be treated as sort of a hard drive then? And would I be able to dualboot with it, say installing XP or Ubuntu on the expansion card and then arrange the boot sequence to prioritize it?
Jan 10, 2009 1:20:00 AM



Anonymous
How to make the expansion socket behave like the other socket ?
I simply cannot see why it is good to not know where ones files really are and would be happy just having a normal sd slot.
If i wanted to mix things up i would let my kids play with the computer.
If anyone knows how to properly turn off merging, to make the expansion slot just like other sd slot I would be gratefull.
Jan 14, 2009 5:02:00 PM



Finley
Hi, you say that if I run the command line above that it will cause files to be written to the SD card, but that just isn't happening. My SSd is now 43% full, and my 16gb card is less than 1% full. Why isn't it writing things like VirtualBox and OpenOffice to the SD card?
Jan 24, 2009 11:10:00 PM



Anonymous
"If anyone knows how to properly turn off merging, to make the expansion slot just like other sd slot I would be gratefull."

Indeed! Anyone?

M.
Jan 26, 2009 6:29:00 PM



I'm having issues. I was using my 16gb card in the expansion slot. I knew I needed some files that were on there on my PC, so thought I'd just use my card reader and copy them across.. unfortunately it wouldn't read in my pc and now if I put it back in my AA1 it won't read the files. My computer is aware of teh card and measures the correct file size that was there before, but there is a huge collection of chinese character named files.

I didn't expect this corruption to happen and wasn't aware of any specific warnings. I believe all my files are still on the card, but I can't read them on any computer. Any idea how I can retrieve them?
Jan 28, 2009 5:51:00 PM



Anonymous
i have the hdd linux version with linpus and fedora 10 dual boot its niceish
Feb 5, 2009 11:18:00 AM



Macles... many thanks for this brilliant resource.

on the question of disabling merging. I found that view/'view as advanced mode' and view/side pane/shortcuts allows you see the *left SD card* as a separate drive, and checking the documents/music/pictures/etc. shortcuts allows you to confirm that these folders are the SSD folders and that these are separate from the SDcard folders.

http://tinyurl.com/c8y6he [currently top link if you google 'advanced mode thunar'] suggests that this can be locked by editing a configuration file. but unfortuatley that didn't work for me.

i did a couple of tests and it looks like the file is appended when thunar is opened.

I look forward to seeing further suggestions on how to achieve permanent separation.

Regards

James
Mar 20, 2009 1:59:00 AM



Anonymous
Several times the question was asked: how do we disable the extending mode;
ie, use the SD card just like on the right side. In every case the answer
was explanation of how aufs works, etc. etc. OK, I see how it works. NOW,
I want to plug in an ext2 formatted SD card on the left side, mount it as
usual, and use it as usual (usual meaning NON-AAO mode), by disabling totally
the aufs system. Can I get a simple answer to the question? Like in rc5.d
or something?
Mar 24, 2009 8:02:00 AM



Anonymous
Hi great site, I recently upgraded my AAO to Fedora 10 XCFE great mod, runs as quickly as Linpus really happy… everything working sound is a little dodgy still but I have had it working I just need to see what I deleted! :-)

But now I need a Linux Guru, I have searched and googled and pulled what hair I have left out…

Lets talk about AUFS!!! I tried to extend the SSD with LVM but ‘pvcreate’ doesnt recognise the mmcblk0 ERROR not found or (not recognised by filters) I have checked and Fedora 10 is set to not filter, I tried to two lines of code that are online for AUFS that is an unknown command… with the 8Gig version it would be great to merge it with a 16 Gig SDHC card in the left slot…

There is also a block of code in the bugs forum, the author says that Fedora only recognises media form ‘DISK’ QUESTION: where should this code be inserted?

Any ideas people???
Apr 12, 2009 8:40:00 AM



hi great site.
thanks for explanation but i need more help could i have indication to install and configure aufs on ubuntu 9.04 to merge left sd crad like linpus do it? it's the only thing in don't find help for on google. thanks for help.
Sep 10, 2009 12:36:00 PM



dystopic
For all of you asking on how to disable AUFS on the AA1, I tried a simple trick that so far it's working for me.
I edited /etc/aufs.act and on the second line I simply put "exit 0" (without the quotes, so the aufs monting script doesn't do anything and the card is mounted by the usual automonter.

Really simple. (And don't think it can show any side effects).
Sep 22, 2009 2:11:00 PM



penny
I have put a 16gb sdhc card into my acer aspire one one the left side, and it shows that I now have expanded to 21GB. But, as soon I use up the original 6GB, it tells me that I
can't download more files because my disc is full. How do I fix this--something very easy please,as I am a linux newbie. I am running limpus lite, with the terminal and right click menu enabled.

penny
Oct 19, 2009 7:53:00 PM